Mixtec Dictionary

taa.

to write escribir <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 92.</bibl> escribir <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 92.</bibl>

Taadozo.

spirit associated with the sun, warfare, and human sacrifice un espíritu asociado con el sol, la guerra, y el sacrificio humano (un espíritu principal de Juxtlahuaca y Tecomaxtlahuaca, de la Mixteca Baja) <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 85.</bibl> un espíritu asociado con el sol, la guerra, y el sacrificio humano (un espíritu principal de Juxtlahuaca y Tecomaxtlahuaca, de la Mixteca Baja) <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 85.</bibl>

taca.

with con <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 97.</bibl> con <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 97.</bibl>

tacu.

book or painting libro o pintura <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl> libro o pintura <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl>

tachi.

wind; human breath el viento; la respiración de una persona <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 83.</bibl> el viento; la respiración de una persona <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 83.</bibl>

tahui.

gift or favor un regalo o un favor <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 93.</bibl> un regalo o un favor <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 93.</bibl>

tai dzatevui.

sinner (literally, "person who causes harm") el pecador (literalmente, la persona que causa daño) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl> el pecador (literalmente, la persona que causa daño) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl>

tai tatnu.

Spanish-style constable (literally, "person of the staff") el alguacil (literalmente, la persona con el bastón) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl> el alguacil (literalmente, la persona con el bastón) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl>

tapita.

taffeta el tafetán <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 242.</bibl> el tafetán <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 242.</bibl>

tasi.

to leave behind or give dejar o dar <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 93.</bibl> dejar o dar <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 93.</bibl>

tasitnuni.

to bequeath legar <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 93.</bibl> legar <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 93.</bibl>

tatnu caa.

sword (literally, "metal staff") la espada (literalmente, el bastón de metal) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 83.</bibl> la espada (literalmente, el bastón de metal) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 83.</bibl>

tay castilla.

Spaniards los españoles, gente de Castilla <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 387.</bibl> los españoles, gente de Castilla <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 387.</bibl>

tay cuica.

trade person or merchant long-distance traders in the pre-conquest period el comerciante; posiblemente el equivalente del término Nahuatl pochteca <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> los comerciantes de larga distancia durante la época prehispánica <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 243.</bibl> el comerciante; posiblemente el equivalente del término Nahuatl pochteca <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> los comerciantes de larga distancia durante la época prehispánica <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 243.</bibl>

tay daa huahi ñuhu.

singers cantores de la iglesia <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl> cantores de la iglesia <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl>

tay huisi tacu.

master of painted works (painter) maestro de obras pintadas <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl> maestro de obras pintadas <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl>

tay natnay tniño.

those who order or arrange work or tasks los que ordenan o arreglan el trabajo de otras personas <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl> los que ordenan o arreglan el trabajo de otras personas <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl>

tay nicuvuinduq.

slaves captured in battle esclavos capturados en batalla <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 87.</bibl> esclavos capturados en batalla <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 87.</bibl>

tay ninoocuvui.

disheartened for having been disrespected (ver: Alvarado, 2r.) (ver: Alvarado, 2r.)

tay nisano.

elders la gente mayor, los ancianos <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl> la gente mayor, los ancianos <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl>

tay nisanu.

grown person, or group of elders una persona mayor, o un grupo de gente mayor <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> una persona mayor, o un grupo de gente mayor <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl>

tay ñoho tniño huahi ñuhu.

a literate noble in the highest native church office (literally, "person who organizes the church duties") un noble que sabe leer y que ocupa el oficio más alto de la iglesia nativa (literalmente, una persona que organiza los quehaceres de la iglesia) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 285.</bibl> un noble que sabe leer y que ocupa el oficio más alto de la iglesia nativa (literalmente, una persona que organiza los quehaceres de la iglesia) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 285.</bibl>

tay ñucoyo.

people from the place of reeds, or the Mexica, people from Mexico la gente del lugar de los tules, o los mexicas, gente de México <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 387.</bibl> los mexicanos, la gente de la ciudad de México (literalmente, la gente del lugar de los tules) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 331.</bibl> la gente del lugar de los tules, o los mexicas, gente de México <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 387.</bibl> los mexicanos, la gente de la ciudad de México (literalmente, la gente del lugar de los tules) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 331.</bibl>

tay Ñudzahui.

Ñudzahui (i.e. Mixtec) person una persona Ñudzahui, una persona mixteca <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> una persona Ñudzahui, una persona mixteca <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl>

tay ñundevui.

a person from the coastal area (literally, "person from the land of the horizon or sky") una persona que viene de la costa (literalmente, una persona de la tierra del horizonte o del cielo) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 328.</bibl> una persona que viene de la costa (literalmente, una persona de la tierra del horizonte o del cielo) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 328.</bibl>

tay sadzi organo.

musician (literally, "one who strikes the organ") músico (literalmente, la persona que golpea el organillo) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 298.</bibl> músico (literalmente, la persona que golpea el organillo) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 298.</bibl>

tay saque ñehe.

tribute collector el recaudador de tributos <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 268.</bibl> el recaudador de tributos <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 268.</bibl>

tay saque.

minor priest sacerdote menor <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 267–8.</bibl> sacerdote menor <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 267–8.</bibl>

tay saquiñahi.

one who gathers things una persona que junta cosas (como los tributos) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> una persona que junta cosas (como los tributos) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl>

tay sicaquai.

common, or plebeian, class los macehuales <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 64.</bibl> los macehuales <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 64.</bibl>

tay sidzo.

human carriers used for carrying goods los portadores humanos <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 245.</bibl> los portadores humanos <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 245.</bibl>

tay situ.

cultivator labrador <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 203.</bibl> labrador <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 203.</bibl>

tay situndayu.

agricultural laborers (literally, "one who works the land") landless tenant-servant-tributaries una persona que cultiva la tierra o la trabaja como empleado de un señor o amo <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> los terrazgueros <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984),64.</bibl> una persona que cultiva la tierra o la trabaja como empleado de un señor o amo <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> los terrazgueros <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984),64.</bibl>

tay taa tutu huahi ñuhu.

church writer el escribano de la iglesia <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl> el escribano de la iglesia <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl>

tay taa tutu.

notary (person who writes on paper) el escribano, el notario, la persona que escribe en papel <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl> el escribano, el notario, la persona que escribe en papel <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl>

tay tatnu huai ñuhu.

church staffholder el alguacil de la iglesia <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl> el alguacil de la iglesia <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl>

tay tocuisi.

white noble people; the valley of the Zapotecs la gente noble que es blanca; el valle de los zapotecos <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 387.</bibl> la gente noble que es blanca; el valle de los zapotecos <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 387.</bibl>

tay toho.

hereditary noble class lower-ranking hereditary nobility la nobleza o los principales <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 87.</bibl> principal <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 74.</bibl> la nobleza o los principales <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 87.</bibl> principal <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 74.</bibl>

tay yondaa huahicaa.

jailer (literally, "person who guards the iron house") alcaide de la carcel, el carcelero (literalmente, la persona que guardaba la casa de metal) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl> alcaide de la carcel, el carcelero (literalmente, la persona que guardaba la casa de metal) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl>

tay yondaa sacristia.

one who takes care of the sacristy la persona que cuida la sacristía <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl> la persona que cuida la sacristía <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl>

tay yondaa sasi ñuhu.

one who takes care of the sacred things, or sacristan la persona que cuida las cosas sagradas, el sacristán <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl> la persona que cuida las cosas sagradas, el sacristán <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl>

tay yondaa.

guard guardar o guardia <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl> guardar o guardia <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl>

tay yoquidzahuico.

idolater (literally, "a person who makes feasts") una persona idólatra (literalmente, una persona que hace fiestas) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 271.</bibl> una persona idólatra (literalmente, una persona que hace fiestas) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 271.</bibl>

tay yosaqyaa.

for a married couple to live together (ver: Alvarado, 1v.) (ver: Alvarado, 1v.)

tay yotasi tniño.

governor (literally, "one who commands the tniño") el gobernador (literalmente, "el que manda el tniño") <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl> el gobernador (literalmente, "el que manda el tniño") <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 286.</bibl>

tay yotnee yondehui ini.

(ver: Alvarado, 8r.) (ver: Alvarado, 8r.)

tay yucu.

common, or plebeian, class los macehuales <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 64.</bibl> los macehuales <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 64.</bibl>

tay.

person or people persona(s) o gente <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 320.</bibl> persona(s) o gente <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 320.</bibl>

taynisiyo ñuu sindi.

spirits of deceased ancestors los espíritus de los ancestros <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 85.</bibl> los espíritus de los ancestros <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 85.</bibl>

tayu silla.

European-style chair (literally, "chair stool") la silla al estilo europeo (literalmente, la silla banqueta o taburete) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 89.</bibl> la silla al estilo europeo (literalmente, la silla banqueta o taburete) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 89.</bibl>

tayu.

seat or pair (depending on the tone) wooden stools same as yuhuitayu; ñuu with a royal ruling couple silla o pareja (dependiendo en el tono) <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 377.</bibl> silla o pareja (dependiendo en el tono) <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 377.</bibl>

tecahua castilla.

olive (literally, "Castile plum") el aceituna (literalmente, la ciruela de Castilla) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl> el aceituna (literalmente, la ciruela de Castilla) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl>

temij.

a large bee (ver: Alvarado, 2v.) (ver: Alvarado, 2v.)

tequeenduu.

a certain kind of bee (ver: Alvarado, 2v.) (ver: Alvarado, 2v.)

teyusiya.

fingernail; turquoise la uña; la turquesa <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 80.</bibl> la uña; la turquesa <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 80.</bibl>

Ticacuii.

The name for a specific cultivated field in Yanhuitlán in 1580 that was part of the cacicazgo of don Gabriel de Guzmán. Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 278.</bibl> Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 278.</bibl>

ticachi.

sheep la(s) oveja(s) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 86–87.</bibl> la(s) oveja(s) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 86–87.</bibl>

ticaha castilla.

walnut (literally, "Castile nut") la nuez del nogal (literalmente, la nuez de Castilla) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl> la nuez del nogal (literalmente, la nuez de Castilla) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl>

tilmatli.

central Mexican cloak (a loanword from Nahuatl) la manta o la capa de México central, de los nahuas (una palabra prestada del náhuatl) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 83.</bibl> la manta o la capa de México central, de los nahuas (una palabra prestada del náhuatl) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 83.</bibl>

Tindodzo.

The name for a specific cultivated field in Yanhuitlán in 1580 that was part of the cacicazgo of don Gabriel de Guzmán. Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl> Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl>

tiñoo castilla.

chicken (literally, "Castile turkey") el pollo (literalmente, el guajolote de Castilla) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl> el pollo (literalmente, el guajolote de Castilla) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 87.</bibl>

tiñoo ñudzahui.

turkey el pavo, el guajolote <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 85.</bibl> el pavo, el guajolote <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 85.</bibl>

tiñumi ñaha diablo.

the devil el demonio <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 303.</bibl> el demonio <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 303.</bibl>

tiñumi.

owl el buho, el tecolote <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 303.</bibl> el buho, el tecolote <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 303.</bibl>

Tiquaha.

The name for a specific cultivated field in Yanhuitlán in 1580 that was part of the cacicazgo of don Gabriel de Guzmán. Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl> Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl>

tisii.

vulture el buitre <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 152.</bibl> el buitre <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 152.</bibl>

Titee.

The name for a specific cultivated field in Yanhuitlán in 1580 that was part of the cacicazgo of don Gabriel de Guzmán. Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl> Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl>

titulo.

title, primordial title, town history (a loanword from Spanish) título, títulos <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 371.</bibl> título, títulos <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 371.</bibl>

Tiuico.

The name for a specific cultivated field in Yanhuitlán in 1580 that was part of the cacicazgo of don Gabriel de Guzmán. Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl> Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl>

tiyahua.

straw paja <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 200.</bibl> paja <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 200.</bibl>

Tiyahui.

The name for a specific cultivated field in Yanhuitlán in 1580 that was part of the cacicazgo of don Gabriel de Guzmán. Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 278.</bibl> Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 278.</bibl>

tiyechi.

lizard el lagarto <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 152.</bibl> el lagarto <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 152.</bibl>

Tiyoco.

The name for a specific cultivated field in Yanhuitlán in 1580 that was part of the cacicazgo of don Gabriel de Guzmán. Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl> Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl>

Tizono.

heart of the pueblo corazón del pueblo <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 85.</bibl> corazón del pueblo <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 85.</bibl>

tlacuaches.

opossums (a loanword from Nahuatl via Spanish?) zarigüeya <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 12.</bibl> zarigüeya <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 12.</bibl>

tnaa.

movement (earthquake) el movimiento, temblor <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 152.</bibl> el movimiento, temblor <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 152.</bibl>

tniño yuvuitayu.

public duty el deber público o de la comunidad <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl> el deber público o de la comunidad <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 191.</bibl>

tniño.

labor, duty, obligation, and service (including political office) on behalf of the ñuu or yuhuitayu to perform a task, to work trabajo, obligación, y servicio (que incluye el servicio como miembro del cabildo) para la comunidad (ñuu o yuhuitayu) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> trabajar, o hacer una tarea <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 92.</bibl> trabajo, obligación, y servicio (que incluye el servicio como miembro del cabildo) para la comunidad (ñuu o yuhuitayu) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> trabajar, o hacer una tarea <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 92.</bibl>

tnoho.

a bunch of feathers una gavilla de plumas <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 257.</bibl> una gavilla de plumas <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 257.</bibl>

tnoo.

black or ink negro, o tinta <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl> negro, o tinta <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl>

tnuhu.

lineage or dynastic line of rulers linaje o dinastía de gobernantes <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> linaje o dinastía de gobernantes <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl>

tnuni.

agreement or command el acuerdo o la orden <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 93.</bibl> el acuerdo o la orden <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 93.</bibl>

tocuisi.

the Zapotec people, or Zapotecs los zapotecos <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 387.</bibl> los zapotecos <bibl>Lisa Sousa y Kevin Terraciano, "The 'Original Conquest' of Oaxaca: Nahua and Mixtec Accounts of the Spanish Conquest," Ethnohistory 50:2 (2003), 349–400. <http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/349>, 387.</bibl>

toho nisanu.

elder noble un noble de edad avanzada <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 205.</bibl> un noble de edad avanzada <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 205.</bibl>

toho.

noble not entitled to rule a yuhuitayu una persona noble que todavía no podía gobernar un yuhuitayu <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> una persona noble que todavía no podía gobernar un yuhuitayu <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl>

tomin.

money dinero <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 89.</bibl> dinero <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 89.</bibl>

toniñe.

hereditary rule dynastic rulership based on direct descent from high lords el derecho heredado para gobernar <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 13.</bibl> el liderazgo basado en descendencia directa de un señor muy alto o los nobles mas altos <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> toniñe. el derecho heredado para gobernar <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 13.</bibl> el liderazgo basado en descendencia directa de un señor muy alto o los nobles mas altos <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 400.</bibl> toniñe.

toto.

rock peña <bibl>Mary Elizabeth Smith, Picture Writing from Ancient Southern Mexico: Mixtec Place Signs and Maps (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1973), 49.</bibl> peña <bibl>Mary Elizabeth Smith, Picture Writing from Ancient Southern Mexico: Mixtec Place Signs and Maps (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1973), 49.</bibl>

Totocoo.

The name for a specific cultivated field in Yanhuitlán in 1580 that was part of the cacicazgo of don Gabriel de Guzmán. Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 278.</bibl> Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 278.</bibl>

Totoquaha.

The name for a specific cultivated field in Yanhuitlán in 1580 that was part of the cacicazgo of don Gabriel de Guzmán. Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl> Nombre de una sementera que fue parte del patrimonio del cacique don Gabriel de Guzmán de Yanhuitlán en 1580. <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 279.</bibl>

Toyna.

Their Own God Su Propia Deidad (un espítitu elevado de Yanhuitlán) <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 85.</bibl> Su Propia Deidad (un espítitu elevado de Yanhuitlán) <bibl>Ronald Spores, The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 85.</bibl>

tuta.

water agua <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 133.</bibl> agua <bibl>Ronald Spores, Ñuu Ñudzahui: La Mixteca de Oaxaca (Oaxaca: Instituto Estatal de Educación Pública de Oaxaca, 2007), 133.</bibl>

tutu cuisi.

white paper papel de color blanco <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl> papel de color blanco <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl>

tutu ñudzavui.

native fig-bark paper papel de la tierra (el amate); también un nombre étnico para los mixtecos, en referencia a su uso de papel (posiblemente en manuscritos) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl> papel de la tierra (el amate); también un nombre étnico para los mixtecos, en referencia a su uso de papel (posiblemente en manuscritos) <bibl>Kevin Terraciano, The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca: Ñudzahui History, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001), 39.</bibl>